Amplifier modules like Audio amplifiers, signal Amplifier etc.
#TEST TRANSISTOR BASE EMITTER COLLECTOR DRIVER#
Driver Modules like Relay Driver, LED driver etc.When used as an Amplifier the DC current gain of the Transistor can be calculated by using the below formulaeĭC Current Gain = Collector Current (I C) / Base Current (I B) Of the above types common emitter type is the popular and mostly used configuration. Some of the configurations used in amplifier circuits are Again resistor is added from base to guessed collector. Now swap guessed emitter and collector and repeat. Connect base to guessed collector via a high value resistor - probably 100k to 1M. It can amplify power, voltage and current at different configurations. Connect positive to guessed collector for NPN and negative to guessed emitter. The value of I B should not exceed 5mA.Ī Transistors acts as an Amplifier when operating in Active Region.
Where, the value of V BE should be 5V for BC548 and the Base current (I B depends on the Collector current (I C). The value of this resistor (R B) can be calculated using below formula.
#TEST TRANSISTOR BASE EMITTER COLLECTOR SERIES#
Anything more than 5mA will kill the Transistor hence a resistor is always added in series with base pin to limit the current. As mentioned the biasing current should be maximum of 5mA. As discussed a transistor will act as an Open switch during Forward Bias and as a closed switch during Reverse Bias, this biasing can be achieved by supplying the required amount of current to the base pin. When a transistor is used as a switch it is operated in the Saturation and Cut-Off Region as explained above. When base current is removed the transistor becomes fully off, this stage is called as the Cut-off Region and the Base Emitter voltage could be around 660 mV.
This stage is called Saturation Region and the typical voltage allowed across the Collector-Emitter (V CE) or Base-Emitter (V BE) could be 200 and 900 mV respectively. When this transistor is fully biased, it can allow a maximum of 500mA to flow across the collector and emitter. To bias a transistor we have to supply current to base pin, this current (I B) should be limited to 5mA. The maximum amount of current that could flow through the Collector pin is 500mA, hence we cannot connect loads that consume more than 500mA using this transistor. BC548 has a gain value of 110 to 800, this value determines the amplification capacity of the transistor. Note: Complete Technical Details can be found at the BC548 transistor datasheet give at the end of this page.īC549, BC636, BC639, 2N2222 TO-92, 2N2222 TO-18, 2N2369, 2N3055, 2N3904, 2N3906, 2SC5200īC548 is a NPN transistor so the collector and emitter will be left open (Reverse biased) when the base pin is held at ground and will be closed (Forward biased) when a signal is provided to base pin.
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